Improvement in kecipeocating engines



I'finittr tetes. @ii'itep j WILLIAM '1). GRIMSHIW, or NEWARK, NewJERSEY.

I Letters Patent No. 64,972, dated M'ay I2I11867.

ulterior/1suENT 1N' nrcirsoctrme ENGINES.

iEbe Stimuli muretti in this: gettext @und :mi making gnu of tg: same.

ro ALL wnoti 1T MAY coNcERN:

I Bo it known that I, WILLIAM DAKIN GRIMSHAW, of Newark, in the countyof Essex, und Stute of New Jersey, have invented n cert-in new anduseful Improvement on Cushioning Attachments to Reciprocating Pistons,of which the following is u. full, clear; und cxoct description,reference henghnd to the accompanying drawing, forming port of thisspecification, and in which-L- Figures 1 and 2 represent verticulsections of :tu inverted cylinder, with n reciprocating piston workingtherein and other nppendngeszpertainingto a. direct-acting hammer thatmay beIopcrated hy'compressed :tir or other aeriiorm fluid, end showingmy improvement as 'applied under two modifications of its construction.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout both figures.

My invention hss reference to cushioning devices applicable toreciprocating pistons generally, irrespective of the description ofaeriform fluid employed to operate the pistons, or the particulardisposition or arrangement o'f the letter und their cylinders, whetherverticnl, horizontal, or occupying on inclined position to the horizon,und is equally applicable to steam or other engines and direct-actinghammers driven by the elastic force or pressure of any seriform Huid.

The nature of my invention consists, in connection with a suitabledisposition of' the parts and extension of the cylinder beyond thereciprocating stroke proper of the piston, in providing the latter, on'either or both -its faces, or the cylinder-head and bottom, or either,wit-h protuberences that serve, on the piston passingI the ezrtremelimit of its stroke proper, to plug 'up or stop, in a free or moveablemanner, -tho port or passage, and thereby to shut oil' egress and causethe fluid contained between the'cylinder-cover und piston to oct as ucushion to the lutter, so that, on the piston passing the limit of itsstroke, as described, by the breakage or disarrangement of the parte ordevices that serve to limit or control the ploy of the piston to c fixedlength of stroke, it will be restrained from bursting o1' breaking thecylinder-heed or end, or otherwise producing damage.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, whlchreprcscnts my invention asit may be applied to a. directacting hammer operating, sny, under theforce of compressed air, A is the inverted hummer-cylinder, B its lowerheed or end, und C its upper cover, having seated on it a. vulve-chest,D, from which E is the upper port or pdssoge, F the lower, and G theexhaust. H is tho reciprocating hammer-piston end I its rod, passingthrough u studing-box orI gland, J. The cylindery A is of somewhatgreter length then that of the piston's stl-o lce when restrained withinits extreme or proper limits.

In iig. 1, K K nrc protubernnccs on the faces of thc pieton, so arrangedas that, onthe travel ofthe lutter,

I by accident or breakage, beyond its proper extreme limits, they enterand closely lit or slide within, os a. moveuble plug, openings afin thecylinder-heads, that form an extension or part of, as it were, the upperand lower ports E and F, thereby retaining within the cylinder, betweenthe fuceof thc piston and cylinder-head, st the end in which the plug KK fits the port E or F, c certain amount ot' the impelling or elasticfluid, which, in the further sliding of thc piston towards the end ofthe cylinder so plugged, will act as a cushion toIprevent breakage I Ior'lInjurious shock, and to produce an advantageous rebound. y

In lig. 2, substantially the sume cushioning-device is shown us appliedto one end of the cylinder; but here .the protuberztncc K is representedoiIn tubular form, und as attached to the cylindcrhced or end,Iandforming a combination, us it were, of the port E, while the piston hasn. correspondingly-shuped recess, g, that receives within it theprotuberonce K, on the piston exceeding its stroke towards such end ofthe cylinder, and,

ns in the former ceso, forming c. sliding-plug attachment, as itwerc,Ito rctnin the Vfluid in the cylinder to uct es n cushion to thcpiston. Of course, though the cushioning device is in this figure onlyshown as applied to one cnd oi' the cylinder, it muy be used ut bothends.

By the construction und operation, as described, of this mysafety-cushioning enrichment, it will be seen that nll brenks oropenings in the cylinder, whether by ports or otherwise, causing thepiston to catch or cut in th'e reciprocating plan. thereof, even if itshould exceed its extremo length of stroke proper, is or may bo`avoided.

What I claim :ts my invention, und desire to secure by Letters Petent,is- The combination 'with n reciprocating piston olIn. cushioningnttnchrnent, operating as n sliding or movc able plug ro :he port orports of the cylinder, subst-eritinlly os specified. I

. I W. D. GBIMSHAW.

Witnesses: I

J. W. Coon es, G. W. Resv.

